How Did the Merchant Navy Come Up? 

A Quick Dive into Its History & Importance 

1. Trade – The Foundation of Shipping 

From ancient times, civilizations like the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans used ships for trade. These wooden sailboats carried spices, metals, textiles—making them the first global traders. 

Trade created the first seafarers. 

2. The Era of Global Empires (1600–1800s) 

With the rise of empires like Britain, Spain, and Portugal, the world saw the launch of large trading fleets. The East India Company, for example, used merchant ships to transport goods between colonies and Europe. 

This era gave rise to the term Merchant Navy, marking a clear distinction between military and commercial ships. 

3. India’s Naval Heritage 

India has a long and proud maritime tradition: 

• Lothal in Gujarat had one of the world’s oldest known dockyards (2400 BC). 

• The Chola and Kalinga dynasties maintained naval fleets and traded with Southeast Asia. 

• Ancient texts like the Arthashastra mentioned port management and naval administration. 

During British rule, Indian sailors (called Lascars) worked on British merchant ships. 

After independence, India developed its own Merchant Navy, becoming one of the top providers of skilled seafarers globally. 

4. The World Wars – Merchant Navy’s Bravery 

In both World Wars, the Merchant Navy played a critical role by: 

• Carrying weapons, food, oil, and troops 

• Operating in war zones under constant threat 

• Suffering heavy losses without recognition 

Thousands of merchant mariners sacrificed their lives to keep supply chains running. 

5. The Modern-Day Merchant Navy 

Today, over 90% of world trade happens via sea. 

The Merchant Navy operates container ships, oil tankers, LNG carriers, car carriers, and more. 

India ranks among the top nations in producing merchant navy officers and ratings who sail worldwide. 

Why This Matters 

The Merchant Navy is more than just a career—it’s part of a legacy of courage, trade, and service. 

Whether you want to earn well, travel the world, or contribute to global commerce, the sea is waiting.